/*
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******************************************************************************
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Project: OWA HYDRAULIC
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Version: 2.2
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Module: hydstatus.c
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Description: updates hydraulic status of network elements
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Authors: see AUTHORS
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Copyright: see AUTHORS
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License: see LICENSE
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Last Updated: 05/15/2019
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******************************************************************************
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*/
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include "types.h"
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#include "funcs.h"
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// Exported functions
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int valvestatus(Project *);
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int linkstatus(Project *);
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// Local functions
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static StatusType cvstatus(Project *, StatusType, double, double);
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static StatusType pumpstatus(Project *, int, double);
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static StatusType prvstatus(Project *, int, StatusType, double, double, double);
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static StatusType psvstatus(Project *, int, StatusType, double, double, double);
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static StatusType fcvstatus(Project *, int, StatusType, double, double);
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static void tankstatus(Project *, int, int, int);
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int valvestatus(Project *pr)
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/*
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**-----------------------------------------------------------------
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** Input: none
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** Output: returns 1 if any pressure or flow control valve
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** changes status, 0 otherwise
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** Purpose: updates status for PRVs & PSVs whose status
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** is not fixed to OPEN/CLOSED
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**-----------------------------------------------------------------
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*/
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{
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Network *net = &pr->network;
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Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
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Report *rpt = &pr->report;
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int change = FALSE, // Status change flag
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i, k, // Valve & link indexes
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n1, n2; // Start & end nodes
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double hset; // Valve head setting
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StatusType status; // Valve status settings
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Slink *link;
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// Examine each valve
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for (i = 1; i <= net->Nvalves; i++)
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{
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// Get valve's link and its index
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k = net->Valve[i].Link;
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link = &net->Link[k];
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// Ignore valve if its status is fixed to OPEN/CLOSED
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if (hyd->LinkSetting[k] == MISSING) continue;
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// Get start/end node indexes & save current status
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n1 = link->N1;
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n2 = link->N2;
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status = hyd->LinkStatus[k];
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// Evaluate valve's new status
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switch (link->Type)
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{
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case PRV:
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hset = net->Node[n2].El + hyd->LinkSetting[k];
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hyd->LinkStatus[k] = prvstatus(pr, k, status, hset,
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hyd->NodeHead[n1], hyd->NodeHead[n2]);
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break;
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case PSV:
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hset = net->Node[n1].El + hyd->LinkSetting[k];
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hyd->LinkStatus[k] = psvstatus(pr, k, status, hset,
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hyd->NodeHead[n1], hyd->NodeHead[n2]);
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break;
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default:
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continue;
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}
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// Check for a status change
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if (status != hyd->LinkStatus[k])
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{
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if (rpt->Statflag == FULL)
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{
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writestatchange(pr, k, status, hyd->LinkStatus[k]);
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}
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change = TRUE;
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}
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}
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return change;
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}
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int linkstatus(Project *pr)
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/*
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**--------------------------------------------------------------
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** Input: none
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** Output: returns 1 if any link changes status, 0 otherwise
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** Purpose: determines new status for pumps, CVs, FCVs & pipes
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** to tanks.
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**--------------------------------------------------------------
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*/
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{
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Network *net = &pr->network;
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Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
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Report *rpt = &pr->report;
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int change = FALSE, // Status change flag
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k, // Link index
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n1, // Start node index
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n2; // End node index
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double dh; // Head difference across link
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StatusType status; // Current status
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Slink *link;
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// Examine each link
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for (k = 1; k <= net->Nlinks; k++)
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{
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link = &net->Link[k];
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n1 = link->N1;
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n2 = link->N2;
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dh = hyd->NodeHead[n1] - hyd->NodeHead[n2];
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// Re-open temporarily closed links (status = XHEAD or TEMPCLOSED)
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status = hyd->LinkStatus[k];
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if (status == XHEAD || status == TEMPCLOSED)
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{
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hyd->LinkStatus[k] = OPEN;
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}
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// Check for status changes in CVs and pumps
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if (link->Type == CVPIPE)
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{
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hyd->LinkStatus[k] = cvstatus(pr, hyd->LinkStatus[k], dh,
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hyd->LinkFlow[k]);
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}
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if (link->Type == PUMP && hyd->LinkStatus[k] >= OPEN &&
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hyd->LinkSetting[k] > 0.0)
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{
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hyd->LinkStatus[k] = pumpstatus(pr, k, -dh);
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}
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// Check for status changes in non-fixed FCVs
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if (link->Type == FCV && hyd->LinkSetting[k] != MISSING)
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{
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hyd->LinkStatus[k] = fcvstatus(pr, k, status, hyd->NodeHead[n1],
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hyd->NodeHead[n2]);
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}
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// Check for flow into (out of) full (empty) tanks
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if (n1 > net->Njuncs || n2 > net->Njuncs)
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{
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tankstatus(pr, k, n1, n2);
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}
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// Note any change in link status; do not revise link flow
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if (status != hyd->LinkStatus[k])
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{
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change = TRUE;
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if (rpt->Statflag == FULL)
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{
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writestatchange(pr, k, status, hyd->LinkStatus[k]);
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}
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}
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}
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return change;
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}
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StatusType cvstatus(Project *pr, StatusType s, double dh, double q)
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/*
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**--------------------------------------------------
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** Input: s = current link status
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** dh = head loss across link
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** q = link flow
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** Output: returns new link status
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** Purpose: updates status of a check valve link.
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**--------------------------------------------------
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*/
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{
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Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
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// Prevent reverse flow through CVs
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if (ABS(dh) > hyd->Htol)
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{
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if (dh < -hyd->Htol) return CLOSED;
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else if (q < -hyd->Qtol) return CLOSED;
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else return OPEN;
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}
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else
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{
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if (q < -hyd->Qtol) return CLOSED;
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else return s;
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}
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}
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StatusType pumpstatus(Project *pr, int k, double dh)
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/*
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**--------------------------------------------------
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** Input: k = link index
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** dh = head gain across link
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** Output: returns new pump status
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** Purpose: updates status of an open pump.
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**--------------------------------------------------
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*/
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{
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Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
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Network *net = &pr->network;
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int p;
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double hmax;
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// Find maximum head (hmax) pump can deliver
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p = findpump(net, k);
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if (net->Pump[p].Ptype == CONST_HP)
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{
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// Use huge value for constant HP pump
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hmax = BIG;
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}
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else
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{
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// Use speed-adjusted shut-off head for other pumps
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hmax = SQR(hyd->LinkSetting[k]) * net->Pump[p].Hmax;
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}
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// Check if currrent head gain exceeds pump's max. head
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if (dh > hmax + hyd->Htol) return XHEAD;
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// No check is made to see if flow exceeds pump's max. flow
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return OPEN;
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}
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StatusType prvstatus(Project *pr, int k, StatusType s, double hset,
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double h1, double h2)
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/*
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**-----------------------------------------------------------
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** Input: k = link index
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** s = current status
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** hset = valve head setting
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** h1 = head at upstream node
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** h2 = head at downstream node
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** Output: returns new valve status
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** Purpose: updates status of a pressure reducing valve.
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**-----------------------------------------------------------
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*/
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{
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Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
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StatusType status; // Valve's new status
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double hml; // Head loss when fully opened
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double htol;
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Slink *link;
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htol = hyd->Htol;
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link = &pr->network.Link[k];
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// Head loss when fully open
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hml = link->Km * SQR(hyd->LinkFlow[k]);
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// Rules for updating valve's status from current value s
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status = s;
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switch (s)
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{
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case ACTIVE:
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if (hyd->LinkFlow[k] < -hyd->Qtol) status = CLOSED;
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else if (h1 - hml < hset - htol) status = OPEN;
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else status = ACTIVE;
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break;
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case OPEN:
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if (hyd->LinkFlow[k] < -hyd->Qtol) status = CLOSED;
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else if (h2 >= hset + htol) status = ACTIVE;
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else status = OPEN;
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break;
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case CLOSED:
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if (h1 >= hset + htol && h2 < hset - htol) status = ACTIVE;
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else if (h1 < hset - htol && h1 > h2 + htol) status = OPEN;
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else status = CLOSED;
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break;
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case XPRESSURE:
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if (hyd->LinkFlow[k] < -hyd->Qtol) status = CLOSED;
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break;
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default:
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break;
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}
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return status;
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}
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StatusType psvstatus(Project *pr, int k, StatusType s, double hset,
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double h1, double h2)
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/*
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**-----------------------------------------------------------
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** Input: k = link index
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** s = current status
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** hset = valve head setting
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** h1 = head at upstream node
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** h2 = head at downstream node
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** Output: returns new valve status
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** Purpose: updates status of a pressure sustaining valve.
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**-----------------------------------------------------------
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*/
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{
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Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
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StatusType status; // Valve's new status
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double hml; // Head loss when fully opened
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double htol;
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Slink *link;
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htol = hyd->Htol;
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link = &pr->network.Link[k];
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// Head loss when fully open
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hml = link->Km * SQR(hyd->LinkFlow[k]);
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// Rules for updating valve's status from current value s
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status = s;
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switch (s)
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{
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case ACTIVE:
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if (hyd->LinkFlow[k] < -hyd->Qtol) status = CLOSED;
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else if (h2 + hml > hset + htol) status = OPEN;
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else status = ACTIVE;
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break;
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case OPEN:
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if (hyd->LinkFlow[k] < -hyd->Qtol) status = CLOSED;
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else if (h1 < hset - htol) status = ACTIVE;
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else status = OPEN;
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break;
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case CLOSED:
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if (h2 > hset + htol && h1 > h2 + htol) status = OPEN;
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else if (h1 >= hset + htol && h1 > h2 + htol) status = ACTIVE;
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else status = CLOSED;
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break;
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case XPRESSURE:
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if (hyd->LinkFlow[k] < -hyd->Qtol) status = CLOSED;
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break;
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default:
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break;
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}
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return status;
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}
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StatusType fcvstatus(Project *pr, int k, StatusType s, double h1, double h2)
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/*
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**-----------------------------------------------------------
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** Input: k = link index
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** s = current status
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** h1 = head at upstream node
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** h2 = head at downstream node
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** Output: returns new valve status
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** Purpose: updates status of a flow control valve.
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**
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** Valve status changes to XFCV if flow reversal.
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** If current status is XFCV and current flow is
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** above setting, then valve becomes active.
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** If current status is XFCV, and current flow
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** positive but still below valve setting, then
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** status remains same.
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**-----------------------------------------------------------
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*/
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{
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Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
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StatusType status; // New valve status
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status = s;
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if (h1 - h2 < -hyd->Htol)
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{
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status = XFCV;
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}
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else if (hyd->LinkFlow[k] < -hyd->Qtol)
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{
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status = XFCV;
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}
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else if (s == XFCV && hyd->LinkFlow[k] >= hyd->LinkSetting[k])
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{
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status = ACTIVE;
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}
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return status;
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}
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void tankstatus(Project *pr, int k, int n1, int n2)
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/*
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**----------------------------------------------------------------
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** Input: k = link index
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** n1 = start node of link
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** n2 = end node of link
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** Output: none
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** Purpose: closes link flowing into full or out of empty tank
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**----------------------------------------------------------------
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*/
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{
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Network *net = &pr->network;
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Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
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int i, n;
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double h, q;
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Stank *tank;
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Slink *link = &net->Link[k];
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// Return if link is closed
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if (hyd->LinkStatus[k] <= CLOSED) return;
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// Make node n1 be the tank, reversing flow (q) if need be
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q = hyd->LinkFlow[k];
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i = n1 - net->Njuncs;
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if (i <= 0)
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{
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i = n2 - net->Njuncs;
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if (i <= 0) return;
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n = n1;
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n1 = n2;
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n2 = n;
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q = -q;
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}
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// Ignore reservoirs
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tank = &net->Tank[i];
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if (tank->A == 0.0) return;
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// Find head difference across link
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h = hyd->NodeHead[n1] - hyd->NodeHead[n2];
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// If tank is full, then prevent flow into it
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if (hyd->NodeHead[n1] >= tank->Hmax - hyd->Htol && !tank->CanOverflow)
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{
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// Case 1: Link is a pump discharging into tank
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if (link->Type == PUMP)
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{
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if (link->N2 == n1) hyd->LinkStatus[k] = TEMPCLOSED;
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}
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// Case 2: Downstream head > tank head
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// (e.g., an open outflow check valve would close)
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else if (cvstatus(pr, OPEN, h, q) == CLOSED)
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{
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hyd->LinkStatus[k] = TEMPCLOSED;
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}
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}
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// If tank is empty, then prevent flow out of it
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if (hyd->NodeHead[n1] <= tank->Hmin + hyd->Htol)
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{
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// Case 1: Link is a pump discharging from tank
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if (link->Type == PUMP)
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{
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if (link->N1 == n1) hyd->LinkStatus[k] = TEMPCLOSED;
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}
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// Case 2: Tank head > downstream head
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// (e.g., a closed outflow check valve would open)
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else if (cvstatus(pr, CLOSED, h, q) == OPEN)
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{
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hyd->LinkStatus[k] = TEMPCLOSED;
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}
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}
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}
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